Mitoxantrone is a Topoisomerase II Inhibitor for Leukemia Research
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is the most common type of leukemia, which defined as a minimum of 5 × 109/L monoclonal B cells in the blood. However, CLL affects approximately…
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is the most common type of leukemia, which defined as a minimum of 5 × 109/L monoclonal B cells in the blood. However, CLL affects approximately…
Bax is an apoptosis regulator, belonging to the Bcl-2-like protein family. It controls mitochondrial dysfunction and apoptosis. Bax can promote apoptosis by forming a heterodimer with Bcl-2 to become a…
Autophagy is the natural and conservative degradation of cells. Specifically, it can remove unnecessary or dysfunctional components through lysosomal-dependent regulation mechanisms. Besides, it allows the orderly degradation and recycling of…
PRMT5 is a member of type II protein arginine methyltransferases (PRMTs). When interacting with its binding partner MEP50, PRMT5 catalyzes monomethylation and symmetric dimethylation of arginine residues of its histone…
Modulating reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels has been proposed as a therapeutic strategy for cancer. In normal cells, ROS are produced at low concentrations and cancer cells produce elevated levels…
The estrogen receptor (ER) is expressed in the majority of breast tumors and in a number of endocrine tissues including the normal breast, uterus, and vagina, as well as in…
Hsp90 (heat shock protein 90) is a molecular chaperone protein. Specifically, Hsp90 can help other proteins fold correctly, stabilize proteins, resist heat stress, and contribute to protein degradation. It can…
Bax is a member of the bcl-2 gene family. Specifically, BCL2 family members are relevant to a variety of anti-apoptotic or pro-apoptotic regulators. The expression of this gene is regulated…
Estrogen receptor (ER) is a ligand-induced intracellular transcription factor that mediates the biological effects of estrogen at the level of most gene regulation. The biological effect of estrogen is mediated…
Phosphoinositide 3-kinases (PI3Ks) can catalyze the synthesis of the phosphatidylinositol (PI) second messengers, including PI(3)P (PIP), PI(3,4)P2 (PIP2), and PI(3,4,5)P3 (PIP3). The PI3K lipid kinase family contains three classes based…