mTOR, the mammalian target of rapamycin, is a conserved serine/threonine kinase. mTOR often serves as a catalytic subunit and consists of two protein complexes: mTOR complex 1 and mTOR complex…
Androgen receptor (AR), is a member of the nuclear hormone receptor superfamily. AR is involved in sex development, reproductive system function, and androgen regulation. It regulates a variety of cellular events,…
Proteolysis targeting chimeras (PROTAC) is a bifunctional molecule that could draw an E3 ubiquitin ligase close to a protein of interest (POI) and induce its degradation via the ubiquitin-proteasome system…
Ras proteins play a crucial role in tumor diseases. Farnesylation is an important post-translational modification of Ras proteins. Whereas, that determines the oncogenicity and membrane-binding properties of Ras. Meanwhile, Farnesyltransferase…
GnRHR (gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptor) is also known as the luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone receptor (LHRHR). Importantly, GnRHR associates with G-proteins that activate a phosphatidylinositol (PtdIns)-calcium second messenger system. Particularly, Activation of…
Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most prevalent malignancies in the world. Depending on the grade of cancer, a variable percentage of these patients experience progression to castration-resistant prostate…
IGF, an insulin-like growth factor, regulates cell growth, proliferation, and survival. The IGF system is made up of IGF1, IGF2, insulin, and corresponding receptors. It transmits abnormal signals to cause…
EPI-7170, a Ralaniten analogue, is a potent androgen receptor N-terminal structural domain antagonist. It blocks the transcriptional activity of full-length AR (FL-AR) and AR splice variants (AR-Vs). EPI-7170 (0-12 μM, 24 or 48…
Cathepsin L is a lysosomal cysteine protease. Particularly, it may play a key role in various biological and disease processes through intracellular and extracellular protein degradation. Obviously, cathepsin L is…
Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP), a family of proteins, is involved in various cellular processes such as DNA repair and programmed cell death. PARP presents in the cell nucleus. It consists…