Histone acetyltransferases (HATs) are epigenetic enzymes that relieve transcriptional repression by preferentially acetylation of ε-amino group of lysine residues on histones. In general, HATs are crucial for chromatin restructuring and…
Urokinase, also known as urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA), is a serine protease found in humans and other animals. Specifically, UPA is relevant to tissue remodeling and cell migration. The active…
Bcl-2 (B-cell lymphoma 2) is a family of evolutionarily related proteins. These proteins govern mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization (MOMP) and can be either pro-apoptotic (Bax, Bad, Bak and Bok among…
The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is a transmembrane protein. The dimerization of EGFR stimulates the activity of intracellular protein tyrosine kinase. Therefore, several tyrosine (y) residues in the C-terminal…
CDKs (Cyclin-dependent kinases) are the families of protein kinases first discovered for their role in regulating the cell cycle. By definition, a CDK binds a regulatory protein called a cyclin.…
The Ras superfamily of low molecular weight GDP/GTP-binding GTPases is critical in the regulation of many important biological events. They include the cell division cycle, survival and death, differentiation, and…
Adenosine receptors (AR), including P1 purinergic receptors, belong to G protein-coupled receptors (GPCR). Specifically, Adenosine is an autogenous acid in all tissues and body fluids. Besides, AR contains four subtypes,…
The proteins of BET (bromodomain and extra-terminal) domain family are epigenetic readers. BET domain family proteins bind acetylated histones through their bromodomains to regulate gene transcription. BET domain family proteins…
Proteolysis targeting chimera (PROTAC) is a bifunctional small molecule. Interestingly, dual PROPACs are dual-targeted degradation molecules that combine the concepts of PROTAC and dual-targeting. Dual PROPACs degrade two completely different…
Targeted protein degradation (TPD) is a novel chemical biology approach. Molecular glues (MGs) are small molecules that can bind to E3 ligase and change their surface and specificity, leading to…