ASP4132 is an Orally Active AMPK Activator
Adenosine monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is an enzyme that plays a role in cellular energy homeostasis. Specifically, it is important in largely to activate glucose and fatty acid uptake and oxidation when cellular energy is low. Besides, AMP or adenosine diphosphate (ADP) levels increase during metabolic stress such...
TNP-351, an Antifolate, is a Dihydrofolate Reductase (DHFR) Inhibitor
Antifolates are a class of antimetabolite medications that block the actions of folic acid. Antimalarial antifolates have been central for prophylaxis and treatment of malaria. The success of antifolates in the treatment of tumors also leads to the use of this class of drugs in the treatment of other...
TNO155 is an Orally Active WT SHP2 Inhibitor with Antineoplastic Activity
SHP2 is a non-receptor ubiquitous protein tyrosine phosphatase and has a relatively conserved structure and function. The SHP2 includes the PTP domain, two SH2 domains, and a C-terminal tail containing two phosphorylation sites. Binding of the N-SH2 domain with the PTP domain is able to inhibit SHP2 activity. N-SH2...
DRF-1042 is an Orally Active DNA topoisomerase I Inhibitor
Inhibitors of the enzyme topoisomerase I are cytotoxic for tumor cells because of their ability to cause DNA damage. Specifically, DNA Topoisomerase I (Top1) is one main cellular factor controlling topological homeostasis. Top1 activity can relax negative supercoils by cutting one of the DNA strands. This can create a...
Alpelisib is a Selective and Orally Active PI3Kα Inhibitor for Metastatic Breast Cancer
Phosphatidylinositol-3-kinases (PI3Ks) are a family of important lipid kinases. PI3Ks are important in controlling the signaling pathways involved in cell proliferation, motility, cell death, and cell invasion. Moreover, PI3Ks control and deliver cellular signals in the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway by phosphorylating phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2) to phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate (PIP3) on the...
AMG-510 is a First-in-Class, Orally Active, and Selective KRAS G12C Inhibitor
The KRAS oncoprotein is a GTPase and an essential mediator of intracellular signaling pathways. They are involved in tumor cell growth and survival. Somatic, activating mutations in KRAS are a hallmark of cancer. Furthermore, they prevent the association of GTPase-activating proteins, thus stabilizing effector binding and enhancing KRAS signaling....
MS645, a Bivalent BET BrD Inhibitor, Inhibits BRD4 Transcriptional Activity
Bromodomains (BrDs) in transcription proteins bind acetyl-lysine in histones and transcription factors to direct gene transcription in biology and disease conditions. BRD4 contains two characteristic tandem BrDs. Meanwhile, BRD4 is a major drug target owing to its implicated functions in oncogenesis and inflammation. BET protein BRD4 in gene transcription...