c-Met (hepatocyte growth factor receptor, HGFR) is a type of receptor tyrosine kinase which belongs to the MET family. c-Met exsists in the surfaces of various epithelial cells. Hepatocyte growth…
Aurora kinases are serine/threonine kinases that play a prominent role in mitotic regulation. The Aurora A kinase, the “polar” kinase resides at spindle poles during mitosis. It is implicated in…
The importance of angiogenesis in solid tumor growth is well established. Inhibition of the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)/VEGF receptor (VEGFR) pathway is now an approved and generally accepted treatment…
The transcription factor NF-κB is a nuclear factor that binds to the enhancer element of the immunoglobulin kappa light-chain of activated B cells. NF-κB exsists in nearly all cell types…
Effective treatment for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is an urgent, unmet medical need. Targeting KRAS, the oncogene that is present in >95% of PDAC, is a heavily pursued strategy but…
Human sFRP-1 is a 35 kD protein consisting of 313 amino acids. It containa 2 distinct structural domains, a netrin domain, and a cysteine-rich domain (CRD). The later domain is…
Pirarubicin has widely application in intravesical chemotherapy for bladder cancer, but drug resistance limits its efficacy; the mechanism still needs further exploration. Bladder cancer is the most common malignancy…
The treatment of Philadelphia chromosome-positive (Ph+) leukemias has improved markedly. There are some inhibitors of Bcr-Abl tyrosine kinase (TK) that are effective for Ph<sup>+</sup> leukemias. However, resistance to imatinib can…
Estrogen receptor α (ERα) and β (ERβ) is a nuclear transcription factors involved in regulating many complex human physiological processes. Moreover, these proteins play a role in the nucleus and…
The Wnt signaling pathway is important in normal development and in cancer. This signaling pathway is regulated by Wnt ligands, the APC-Axin complex and β-catenin. Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway plays a…