Microtubules are polymers of microtubule proteins that form part of the cytoskeleton and provide structure and shape for eukaryotic cells. Specifically, Microtubules play an important role in many cellular processes.…
In this article, we will introduce a potent RFC (reduced folate carrier) specific inhibitor Talotrexin (PT523). Talotrexin, an analog of Aminopterin, is a nonpolyglutamatable classic antifolate. Additionally, it selectively inhibits…
Histone deacetylase (HDAC) is an epigenetic enzyme that regulates gene expression through histone deacetylation. It leads to more closed chromatin structure and gene expression inhibition. Many non-histones are also targets…
Keap1-Nrf2 is the major regulator of cytoprotective responses to electrophilic chemicals or reactive oxygen species (ROS). Upregulation of Nrf2 inducing by inactivation of Keap1 is often observed in cancer cells.…
mTOR (mammalian target of Rapamycin) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the mTOR gene. mTOR is a serine/threonine protein kinase that regulates cell growth, cell proliferation, cell…
The Ras superfamily of low molecular weight GDP/GTP-binding GTPases is critical in the regulation of many important biological events. They include the cell division cycle, survival and death, differentiation, and…
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common and aggressive brain tumor and refractory to existing therapies. BMI-1 is part of the polycomb repressive complex 1 (PRC1). There is a statistically…
Deregulation of the Ras-MAPK pathway is an early event in many different cancers and a key driver of resistance to targeted therapies. Kinase suppressor of Ras (KSR) is a MAPK…
Mitochondria provide cellular energy through its oxidative phosphorylation system, which needs to coordinate the expression of genes encoded by nuclear and mitochondrial genomes (mtDNA). Specifically, the transcription of mtDNA in…
Aberrant expression of classical HDACs associates with a variety of malignancies, including solid and hematological tumors. HDACs have also been found broadly dysregulated in multiple myeloma (MM). In particular, the…