Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women all over the world. Breast cancer development is associated with abnormal cell proliferation and defects in apoptosis. Noticeably, Polo-like Kinases (PLKs)…
Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and its receptor (VEGFR) play a crucial role in angiogenesis and angiogenesis. Specifically, the VEGF family includes VEGFA, VEGFB, VEGFC, VEGFD, and placental growth factor…
PLK4 (polo-like kinase 4) is an enzyme that encodes a member of the polo family of serine/threonine protein kinases. Importantly, PLK4 protein localizes to centrioles—complex microtubule-based structures found in centrosomes-and…
Pegdinetanib (BMS-844203), an anti-angiogenic therapeutic agent, exemplifies a new class of targeted biologics called Adnectins. Adnectins are genetically engineered variants of the tenth type III domain of human fibronectin. Firstly,…
Melanoma is a type of skin cancer that is caused by a malignant proliferation of melanocytes. Ultraviolet light (UV) exposure can change DNA and its expressions and is the primary…
Bax, an important regulator of cell death is expressed in essentially all organs. Also, Bax is a member of B-cell lymphoma 2, it is involved in the apoptosis of normal…
Nowadays, how to overcome the resistance of tumor cells to multiple drugs is still a serious problem. Various mechanisms can cause Multidrug resistance (MDR), including cell cycle alterations, increased repair…
STAT3 protein is a potential cytoplasmic transcription factor. Constitutive activation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) is related to the proliferation, survival, invasion, and angiogenesis of many…
DNA polymerase theta (Polθ) is a unique, large (290 kDa) multifunctional A-family DNA polymerase that is required for DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) repair through the microhomology-mediated end-joining (MMEJ) pathway. Importantly, MMEJ is…
ERKs (extracellular signal-regulated kinases) are the original members of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) family. They take part in the regulation of meiosis, mitosis, and postmitotic functions, thus, also influencing…